• Type: Iron meteorite / IIIE-an
• Location: Xinjiang, China
• Weight: 15g
• Size: 25 x 17 x 12 mm
• Year of discovery: 1898
• Known total weight: 74 tonnes
• Surface treatment: Raw (for the purpose of further reduction, the meteorite may have been cut on one or more sides – recognizable by smooth, flat surfaces)
• Curiosity: To create such small fragments, a strong impact in a simulated environment is necessary to break a larger piece into smaller pieces.
• DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Aletai Meteorite – The Iron Marvel of the IIIE Group The Aletai meteorite belongs to the IIIE group, which is a specific type of iron meteorite. This classification includes meteorites with certain chemical compositions and crystallographic structures. Meteorites in this group tend to show an octahedral structure, meaning that when cut and polished, they reveal characteristic patterns known as Widmanstätten figures. IIIE meteorites, like Aletai, are characterized by the presence of kamacite (low-nickel iron) and taenite (high-nickel iron) bands that form the octahedral pattern. Uniqueness of the Aletai meteorite Aletai is exceptional for having the highest gold concentration among IIIE group meteorites and a significantly higher iridium concentration compared to others in the same group. Since the amount of iridium in meteorites is much higher than in the Earth's crust, the unusually high concentration of iridium found at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary 65 million years ago formed the basis of the theory that a massive meteorite impact may have been responsible for the extinction of the dinosaurs. Discovery and distribution The meteorite was discovered in 1898 in China's Xinjiang region. The total mass found is estimated to be around 74 tons. The largest fragment weighs 28 tons, making it the fifth-largest meteorite on Earth. The impact field covered an area of up to 500 kilometers, initially causing discrepancies in identification and naming. Different names such as Armanty and Ulasitai were later unified under the name Aletai after chemical analysis. Mineralogy and visual effects An interesting feature is that when the angle of light changes, the reflectivity of the main alloys changes, and the sample sparkles. This effect is typical for octahedral structures, but Aletai is particularly spectacular due to the presence of mirror-bright inclusions of the mineral schreibersite. Schreibersite is considered the primary source of phosphorus, which may have played a crucial role in the origin of life on Earth. It is composed of iron-nickel phosphide, with colors ranging from bronze to silvery white. This mineral is commonly found in iron meteorites such as Magura (Slovakia), Sikhote-Alin (Russia), Gebel Kamil (Egypt), and São Julião de Moreira (Portugal). The name comes from the Austrian scientist Carl Franz Anton Ritter von Schreibers, one of the first to identify this mineral.